錯題解析

「第一位女醫師」就等於「當時全美沒有別的女醫師」——換句話說也是答案

英文.第 4 冊.2026/07/26.第 25 題 | 主題:閱讀.生平年表與「是非題式」選項

題目

The Life of Elizabeth Blackwell(1821-1910)
【年表】1821 出生於英國 Bristol|1832 全家搬到美國紐約| 1838 父親過世,她和姐妹在家開設學校以貼補家用| 1847 進入紐約 Geneva Medical College 開始學醫| 1849 以全班第一名自醫學院畢業| 1857 與妹妹和 Dr. Marie Zakrzewska 一起創辦 New York Infirmary for Women and Children| 1869 與其他醫生創立 London School of Medicine for Women| 1874 與 Florence Nightingale 一同創辦 Women College| 1910 於英國 Hastings 過世

【What is special about Elizabeth Blackwell?】
She was the first woman to become a doctor of medicine in her times.
*As a woman doctor, she spoke for women and wanted them to be accepted into medicine like her.
*All her life, she led the way for American woman doctors.

【What have I learned from her life story?】
*When studying in Geneva Medical College, she was the only woman in her class. Her classmates treated her badly. Besides, she was not allowed to sit with them at lunch. However, she never gave up on her dream to become a doctor.
She worked hard for the rights of women. She also wrote many books about health and medicine.
(support 支持 medical college 醫學院 graduate 畢業 infirmary 醫院 accept 認可)

Q25. Which is true about Elizabeth Blackwell?
  1. (A) She was usually too busy to help others. ← 我的答案
  2. (B) She graduated from Geneva Medical College with bad grades.
  3. (C) There was no other woman doctor in the USA when she became one. ← 正確答案
  4. (D) Her classmates at Geneva Medical College were friendly to her because she was a woman.
我的答案:(A) 太忙而無法幫助別人文章通篇都在講她幫助別人,方向完全相反
正確答案:(C)「當時第一位女醫師」= 在她之前沒有別的女醫師
題目原文

錯在哪裡

選了一個「文章從頭到尾都在反駁」的選項。

(A) She was usually too busy to help others.(她通常太忙,無法幫助別人。)
但整篇文章列出來的事幾乎全是「幫助別人」:
1838 父親過世後和姐妹在家開學校養家
1857 創辦婦女兒童醫院
1869 創立女子醫學院
1874 又和南丁格爾創辦女子學院
並且 spoke for women(為女性發聲)、worked hard for the rights of women(為女權努力)

她很忙是真的,但「忙」的內容正是「幫助別人」——不是「忙到不能幫」。

錯因:抓到「她做了很多事=很忙」這半句就下筆,沒有讀完 too…to… 的完整意思。
too ~ to ~ = 太……以至於不能……,是一個否定的句型。

正確解法

Step 1 Which is true 題 = 四個選項各自回文章核對
選項文章怎麼說判定
(A) 太忙無法幫助別人 開學校養家、辦醫院、辦醫學院、
為女權發聲
✗ 完全相反
(B) 畢業成績很差 1849 graduated at the top of her class
(全班第一名)
✗ 完全相反
(C) 她成為女醫師時,
美國沒有其他女醫師
the first woman to become a doctor
of medicine in her times
✓ 換句話說
(D) 同學對她很友善 treated her badly
not allowed to sit with them at lunch
✗ 完全相反

三個錯的選項全都是「把文章的說法反過來寫」—— 這種題型的陷阱很單純,只要真的回文章核對就不會錯。

Step 2 把 (C) 的「換句話說」想清楚
文章
the FIRST woman
to become a doctor

(第一位女醫師)
選項
There was NO OTHER
woman doctor

(沒有別的女醫師)

「第一個」的意思,就是「在她之前沒有人」。
正確答案很少照抄原文,通常是把同一件事換一個角度講。

這題的換法是「肯定 → 否定」: the first(第一個)→ no other(沒有其他)。
看到選項出現 no、never、the only,先想想它是不是某個「第一/唯一」的反面說法。

Step 3 特別注意 too ~ to ~ 這個否定句型
句型意思例子
too + 形容詞 + to V 太……以至於「不能」……
(表面沒有 not,實際是否定)
She was too busy to help others.
= 她太忙,沒辦法幫別人。
形容詞 + enough to V 夠……可以……
(肯定)
She was kind enough to help others.
= 她很好心,會幫別人。

too ~ to ~ 沒有 not,卻是否定的意思—— 這是它最容易被讀錯的地方。
讀選項時看到 too…to…,先在心裡加一個「不能」再判斷。

要記住的觀念

  • Which is true 題 = 四個選項全部回文章核對,不要憑印象。 錯的選項常常只是把原文反過來寫(好 ↔ 壞、第一名 ↔ 成績差、友善 ↔ 惡劣)。
  • 正確答案通常是「換句話說」。 the first ↔ no other、the only ↔ nobody else、 more than two hundred years ago ↔ how long it has been around。 (第 3 冊 7/17 三明治那題也是同一種換法。)
  • too ~ to ~ 是否定句型,沒有 not 卻等於「不能」。 too busy to help = 忙到不能幫,不是「很忙但有幫」。
  • 年表題先掃一遍年份,把「她做了什麼」用兩三個字寫在旁邊。 這篇掃完會發現:養家、辦醫院、辦學校、為女權發聲——全是助人。 看到 (A) 說她「不幫別人」,立刻就知道不對。
  • 文章分成「年表」和「文字說明」兩區時,兩區都要查。 (B) 的反證(graduated at the top of her class)只在年表裡, (D) 的反證(treated her badly)只在文字裡。
延伸:這篇文章的重點用法

at the top of one’s class = 全班第一名
graduate from + 學校 = 從……畢業(from 不能省略)

speak for = 為……發聲、代表……說話
She spoke for women.(她為女性發聲。) 不要和 speak to(對……說話)、speak of(提到)搞混。

be allowed to V = 被允許做……(被動)
she was not allowed to sit with them(她不被允許和他們同桌)

give up on + 人/夢想 = 放棄
she never gave up on her dream ——第 1 冊 7/01 那篇小貓的文章也用過 give up on。

lead the way = 帶頭、開路
rights = 權利(複數)
the rights of women = 女權。 right 一字多義:對的/右邊/權利。

in her times = 在她那個年代(times 用複數表「時代」)

還有一個結構值得注意: When studying in Geneva Medical College, she was the only woman…
這是分詞構句(= When she was studying in…)連接詞後面直接接 V-ing,主詞被省略時就是主句的主詞 she。

類題自我檢測

依照上面那篇文章判斷:

1. Which is NOT true about Elizabeth Blackwell?
 (A) She was born in the UK and died in the UK.
 (B) She helped start more than one school or hospital for women.
 (C) She started to study medicine before her family moved to the USA.
 (D) She wrote books about health and medicine.

2. 下面哪一句和 “She was the only woman in her class.” 意思最接近?
 (A) No other girl was in her class. (B) She was the best student in her class.
 (C) She had no classmates. (D) She liked being alone in her class.

看解答

1. (C)。年表上:1832 全家搬到美國1847 才進入紐約的醫學院 ——搬家在前,學醫在後,選項把順序反過來了。
(A) 對:1821 生於英國 Bristol、1910 卒於英國 Hastings。
(B) 對:1857 婦女兒童醫院、1869 女子醫學院、1874 Women College,不只一間
(D) 對:She also wrote many books about health and medicine.
年表題最常考的就是「先後順序」——讀的時候把年份圈起來排一次。

2. (A) No other girl was in her class.
the only woman(唯一的女性)= no other girl(沒有別的女生) ——和本題 the first ↔ no other 是完全一樣的換句話說。
(C) 錯很多:她有同學,只是同學都是男生(文章明說 Her classmates treated her badly)。
(B)(D) 都是文章沒說的。

我的原始作答

原始作答

當時選了 (A),紅筆訂正為 (C)
這題的固定動作:Which is true 題,在四個選項前面各畫一個空格, 逐一回文章找證據,找到就把那一行畫線並在選項旁寫「○」或「✗」。
四個都標完再作答——這題四個選項的證據全部找得到,只要肯查就不會錯。

複習標記

看完這一頁順手標一下,紀錄會同步到總覽頁—— 標「有把握」的會被劃掉,標「有疑問」的會被標成琥珀色,可以用「只看有疑問的」單獨叫出來。 再按一次同一顆按鈕就取消。紀錄存在這台裝置的瀏覽器裡。

還沒標記